![]() Summary of the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine and its extracts in the treatment of obesity, specifically as follows. In order to clarify the specific mechanism, the mechanism that plays the same role in different organs will be reflected in the tissue localization in Table 1. 17 Considering that different organ tissues may play similar weight-reducing roles under the role of TCM or TCM extracts in the weight-reducing process, we will mainly generalize from the specific mechanisms (regulating fat metabolism, intestinal Microflora, and regulating hormone level, etc.), as shown in Figure 1. In this paper, we selected drugs that have been widely discussed in obesity-related metabolic studies and can be used in clinical practice without obvious toxic and side effects, such as ginsenoside (Ginseng), 12 celastrol ( Tripterygium wilfordii), 13 berberine ( Coptis chinensis), 14 curcumin (Turmeric), 15 and the Xiexin 16 and Danggui Buxue decoctions. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used for a long time for treating diseases, playing an important role in the treatment of obesity. The ancient documentation of traditional Chinese medicine, “Lingshu Jing of the Inner Canon of Huangdi”, pointed out that obesity means “people have fat, ointment and meat.” It characterizes obesity as a disease mainly based on spleen and kidney deficiency and liver depression, with phlegm, dampness, heat, and blood stasis as the standard manifestations. ![]() However, due to a typical rebound in weight gain, the high risks associated with surgery and other problems, obesity has not been effectively resolved, and there is an urgent need to find a way to reduce the risks and improve patient compliance. 9 To date, the main measures for treating obesity are lifestyle management, drugs for lipid reduction (orlistat and lipopeptide), weight loss surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, or adjustable gastric banding) and strategies 6 to reduce food intake and absorption and increase its utilization. ![]() Obesity can lead to injury of multiple biological systems, significantly increasing the risk of metabolism-related diseases, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, osteoarthritis, and some cancers, 5 – 8 and it increases mortality. With the obesity rate in some countries as high as 60.7%, the need for attention to this problem is urgent. 2 – 4 According to the World Health Organization, the worldwide population rate of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) in 2016 was significantly higher in all countries, especially the Americas, Europe, and Oceania. 1 The prevalence of obesity among children, adolescents, and adults worldwide is increasing every year. According to the definition of the World Health Organization, overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health.
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